General Medicine

• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
• Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, headaches, shortness of breath.
• Treatment: Lifestyle changes, medications.
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Symptoms: Increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision.
• Treatment: Diet, exercise, medications, insulin therapy.
• Asthma
• Symptoms: Wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath.
• Treatment: Inhalers, medications, avoiding triggers.
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• Symptoms: Chronic cough, sputum production, shortness of breath.
• Treatment: Medications, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy.
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Symptoms: Chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations.
• Treatment: Medications, lifestyle changes, surgical interventions.

Preventive care in General Medicine focuses on maintaining health and preventing disease before it occurs. This approach includes routine vaccinations to protect against infectious diseases like influenza and hepatitis, and regular screening tests to detect early signs of conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and various cancers. Lifestyle counseling is another crucial aspect, where physicians guide patients on healthy eating, regular physical activity, smoking cessation, and responsible alcohol use. By addressing these factors proactively, preventive care aims to reduce the risk of developing serious health issues, thereby improving long-term health outcomes and enhancing the overall quality of life for patients.

Diagnostic tools and procedures in General Medicine are essential for accurately identifying and managing a wide range of medical conditions. Blood tests are commonly used to evaluate various parameters such as blood glucose, cholesterol levels, and kidney function, providing crucial information about a patient's overall health. Imaging studies, including X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and ultrasounds, allow for detailed visualization of internal organs, helping to detect abnormalities or diseases. An electrocardiogram (ECG) measures the electrical activity of the heart, aiding in the diagnosis of heart conditions. Endoscopy involves the use of a flexible tube with a camera to examine the digestive tract, identifying issues like ulcers or tumors. These diagnostic tools and procedures enable healthcare providers to make informed decisions about patient care, ensuring timely and effective treatment.